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Style and Citation Guides

Introduction to style guides with links to citation machine.

Modern Language Association (MLA)

MLA 9th EditionThe MLA Style Guide is widely used in the Humanities, including: English, literary criticism, film and media studies, and modern languages. Several courses that meet OSU's Bacc Core Writing requirements use MLA style.

This style places a heavy emphasis on the author of the work, reflecting the importance of the single author in these disciplines. Bibliographic entries in MLA style include the author's full name, followed by the title.

In-text citations within the body of the paper display the author and page number.

The MLA Handbook (9th edition) is available as a physical text and online.

MLA Quick Links

The Modern Languages Association, MLA, format is a style often used in the humanities.  The links below will provide more information on using this format for footnotes and for bibliographies.

Citing Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers

Unlike most other personal communications, elders and knowledge keepers should be cited in-text and in the reference list.

The citation format for the reference list follows the following format:

Last name, First name., Nation/Community. Treaty Territory if applicable. City/Community they live in if applicable. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. Date Month Year. 

For example: Cardinal, Delores., Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. 4 April 2004. 

Note: If you would like to approach an elder or knowledge keeper for teachings, remember to follow protocol or if you are unsure what their protocol is, please ask them ahead of time.

This information is provided thanks to the NorQuest College Library.