GENERAL PRINCIPLES (For All Audiences)

• Clarity: Be concise and avoid ambiguity. Define technical terms when needed.

• Purpose: Understand your goal (inform, persuade, inspire).

• Audience Awareness: Adapt tone and complexity to who you're speaking to.

• Storytelling: Use narratives to make content engaging and memorable.

• Relevance: Show how the science affects real life or larger issues.

• Visuals: Support your message with images, diagrams, or analogies.

• Honesty & Transparency: Discuss limitations and uncertainties openly.

COMMUNICATING TO SCIENTISTS

• Precision & Detail: Provide thorough explanations, data, and citations.

• Appropriate Jargon: Use technical language suitable for the field.

• Data Focus: Emphasize how data supports your conclusions.

• Critical Engagement: Encourage discussion and questioning.

• Highlight Contribution: Clearly explain what’s new or innovative.

• Efficiency: Respect time—communicate clearly and directly.

COMMUNICATING TO THE PUBLIC

• Plain Language: Use simple, everyday terms and avoid jargon.

• Lead with the Big Picture: Explain why your work matters first.

• Emotional Connection: Share stories that evoke interest or empathy.

• Accessible Content: Make it understandable across age and education levels.

• No Hype: Be enthusiastic without exaggerating.

• Call to Action: Inspire curiosity or suggest relevant actions.

Remember: Good science communication builds trust, bridges knowledge gaps, and fosters informed decision-making.